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Syria, a country steeped in history, culture, and natural beauty, has always been a treasure waiting to be explored by travelers. From the ancient allure of Damascus to the remnants of Palmyra, Syria offers a captivating journey through time. Despite recent hardships affecting tourism, there have been improvements, and it’s essential to be well-prepared before planning a visit. This guide will take you through everything you need to know, from visa requirements to must-see destinations, ensuring a secure and unforgettable experience in Syria.
1. Getting to Syria
Visa Requirements
Travelers generally need a visa to enter Syria, obtainable at Syrian embassies abroad. Visa processing might take some time, so it’s advisable to apply well in advance. Some nationalities may face restrictions or require additional documentation due to current political circumstances.
Flights and Transportation Options
Direct international flights to Syria are limited, but you can access Damascus International Airport from regional hubs like Beirut (Lebanon), Amman (Jordan), or Istanbul (Turkey). Overland travel from neighboring countries is also an option for those seeking a more adventurous route.
Crossing Land Borders
Syria shares land borders with Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq, and Turkey. While some crossings may be closed or restricted due to security concerns, others remain open. Always check the latest travel advisories and ensure you have the necessary permits.
2. Best Time to Visit Syria
Seasonal Climate and Weather Conditions
The ideal time to visit Syria is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is pleasant. Summers can be extremely hot, especially in the desert areas, while winters are cold in the mountainous regions and cities like Aleppo.
Popular Festivals and Events
Syria celebrates various cultural and religious festivals. The most notable is Eid al-Fitr, marking the end of Ramadan, which brings families and communities together in celebration. The Silk Road Festival, a cultural event held in Palmyra before the conflict, is expected to revive as the country stabilizes.
3. Top Destinations in Syria
Damascus – The Ancient Capital
Damascus, one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities, is a must-visit. Its bustling Old City is home to historic sites such as the Umayyad Mosque, ancient souks, and stunning Ottoman-era houses. Don’t miss the ancient Christian Quarter and the narrow alleyways filled with stories of the past.
Aleppo – A Fusion of History and Resilience
Although Aleppo has experienced significant devastation in recent years, it stands as a testament to resilience. The Citadel of Aleppo, an impressive fortress, serves as a steadfast reminder of its glorious past. Reconstruction efforts are underway, and the city continues to warmly welcome visitors to discover its rich heritage.
Palmyra, a UNESCO World Heritage site, was once a thriving Roman city in the desert. Despite having endured damage, its monumental ruins, including the Temple of Bel and the Roman Theatre, are undergoing restoration and remain a symbol of Syria’s historical significance.
Krak des Chevaliers – Crusader Fortress
This medieval castle, situated on a hilltop near Homs, ranks among the best-preserved Crusader fortresses worldwide. With its commanding views and remarkable architecture, Krak des Chevaliers is a must-see for history enthusiasts.
Hama – Water Wheels and Heritage
Hama is renowned for its ancient water wheels (norias), which have been used for centuries to irrigate the land. Take a leisurely stroll along the Orontes River and delve into the city’s historical significance.
Syrian Culture and Traditions
Language and Religion
Arabic is the official language of Syria, but many people, especially in urban areas, speak English. Syria is a religiously diverse country, with Islam being the dominant religion, followed by Christian communities. Visitors should be mindful of religious practices and dress modestly.
Local Customs and Etiquette
Syrians are celebrated for their hospitality. When visiting, it’s essential to respect local customs, particularly in rural areas. Always greet people with a smile, and if invited to someone’s home, bring a small gift as a token of appreciation.
Traditional Syrian Food and Drink
Syrian cuisine is a delight for the senses. Not-to-be-missed dishes include kibbeh (a blend of minced meat and bulgur), fattoush (a zesty salad), and shawarma. Indulge in baklava for dessert and savor some traditional mate or Arabic coffee.
Safety and Security in Syria
Current Safety Situation
The security situation in Syria has shown improvement in recent years, but it remains precarious in some areas, particularly near conflict zones. Damascus and parts of Aleppo are generally safe for visitors, but it’s crucial to stay informed about travel advisories and avoid risky areas.
Travel Safety Tips
Upon arriving in a new country, it’s important to register with your embassy and adhere to their recommendations for a safe trip. Especially when exploring areas outside of major cities, consider hiring a local guide and refrain from traveling at night. Always keep your passport and identification on you, as security checkpoints are common.
Health and Emergency Assistance
Given the impact of the conflict on healthcare in Syria, it’s advisable to have comprehensive health insurance when traveling. Carry a basic first aid kit and familiarize yourself with the locations of major hospitals such as those in Damascus or Aleppo. It’s crucial to know important emergency contacts including the police at 112 and the ambulance at 110.
Transportation in Syria
– Public Transportation in Cities –
In cities like Damascus and Aleppo, public buses and minibuses are popular modes of transport. Taxis are readily available and relatively affordable, but it’s crucial to negotiate the fare prior to starting your journey, as meters may not always be used.
– Taxis and Ridesharing –
Taxis are a convenient way to travel within cities. Although ridesharing apps are not widely available in Syria, private taxis offer similar services. It’s common for passengers heading in the same direction to share a taxi.
– Renting a Car –
For travelers seeking the flexibility to explore at their own pace, renting a car is an option. While road conditions have improved, driving can be challenging, especially in rural areas, so only experienced drivers should consider this option.
Accommodation Choices
– Hotels and Guesthouses –
Syria offers a range of accommodations, from budget guesthouses to mid-range hotels in cities like Damascus and Aleppo. The Four Seasons in Damascus is among the few luxury options.
– Airbnb and Alternative Lodging –
Though Airbnb isn’t as prevalent in Syria, some local alternatives exist for booking homestays or private rentals, offering a more authentic experience.
– Camping in Remote Areas –
Travelers seeking adventure can camp in rural and desert areas, but it’s imperative to be accompanied by a guide and ensure the necessary permits are in place.
Currency and Financial Consideration
Syrian Pound (SYP)
The official currency used in Syria is the Syrian pound (SYP).
What you need to rent a car, and how to rent one
As a tourist, you’ll most likely be renting a car (more on that in a bit) for your road trip. Even so, there are certain requirements that you’ll have to check off before you get into it.
- You have to get an International Driver’s Permit. Apply for it online or head to the office — we prefer doing it in person because the queue is pretty short during off-peak hours, and you can get it done on the same day. It’ll cost S$20 and is valid for one year from the date of issue.
- A valid local driver’s license. international driving licence online
- You have to be at least 21 years of age and have held your local licence for a year. A surcharge may be imposed for drivers under the age of 25.
- A passport for identification .
- A credit card in the driver’s name.
How to obtain an international driving permit
The process of obtaining an international driving license directly from an office can be quite challenging and time-consuming. The payment methods involved can also be complex. Therefore, it is recommended to consider applying for an international driving license from IMTA. The application process only takes around 10 to 15 minutes, making it a more efficient option for getting your international driving permit Get Your Online Int’l Driving Permit for the United Kingdom
The necessary details required for the application of an International driving permit include:
– Full Name
– Email & Phone Number
– Current Address
– Place of Birth
– National Driver’s License Number
– National Driver’s License Issued Date & Expiry Date
– Picture of Driver’s License & Your Head Shot Photo for Your IDP
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